Naples Underground: Gems beneath the Spanish Quarters

4th century BCE

⚒️Greeks establish Neapolis and quarry volcanic tuff stone from the area now known as the Spanish Quarters for construction. These quarries form the foundation of the underground network in this district.

Roman Era (1st century BCE – 5th century CE)

🚰The Neapolis Aqueduct is constructed, using the tuff quarries and tunnels to transport water across the city. This sophisticated system supplies homes, public baths, and fountains, playing a crucial role in urban life.

Middle Ages (5th – 15th century)

🏙️The aqueduct remains in use but sees gradual neglect due to invasions and changes in urban infrastructure.

⚠️Underground spaces begin to collapse in some areas, while others are repurposed for waste disposal and storage.

16th century (Spanish rule)

🪖The Spanish Quarters (Quartieri Spagnoli) are developed to house soldiers. Urban expansion overlays the existing underground system, connecting homes and structures to the ancient aqueduct network.

18th – 19th century

🏗️As Naples’ population grows, underground spaces beneath the Spanish Quarters are further utilized for cisterns and waste management.

⛔Portions of the aqueduct are decommissioned due to contamination concerns, but parts remain active.

World War II (1939–1945)

💣The underground quarries and aqueduct chambers serve as air raid shelters, offering protection during bombings.

🖌️Residents leave some of their everyday items and art behind, providing a snapshot of wartime life underground.

Post-War Era (1950s–1970s)

🚧The underground network is largely abandoned, and some sections are sealed off due to safety concerns. However, local historians and explorers are beginning to rediscover its significance.

Modern Era (1980s–present)

🔎Restoration efforts uncover the extensive Neapolis Aqueduct beneath the Spanish Quarters.

📐The site becomes part of the Naples Underground experience, showcasing the aqueduct's engineering, tuff stone quarries, and WWII shelters. Tours highlight the distinct role this underground network played in Naples’ water supply and resilience.